(一)模具專業基本用詞 Professional Terms
1.塑料 — plastic, resin
2.樣件 — sample
3.鋼料 — steel
4.注塑機 — injection machine, press
5. 產品 — part, product, moulding
6.模具 — mold, mould, tool
A 簡易模(樣板模)— prototype mold
B 量產用模具 — production mold
7.三維造型(數模)—3D model, 3D data
8.二維產品圖 — 2D part drawing
9.設計 — design
10.制造 — manufacture, build up, construction, fabrication, make
11.檢驗 — check, inspection
12.測量 — measure, inspection
13.修改 — change, modify, correction
14.工程更改 — engineer change
15.質量 — quality
16.數量 — quantity
17.基準 — datum, reference
(二)如何解析2D 產品圖?How to read 2D part drawing?
一. 產品幾何 Geometry
1.點 — point
2.線(邊) — line, edge
3.面 face
A 側面 — side
B 表面 — surface
C 外觀面 — appearance surface
4.壁厚 — wall thickness, stock thickness
5.加強筋(骨位) — rib
6.孔 — hole
7.細長的槽 — slot
8.柱位 — boss
9.角 — corner
A 圓角 — fillet
B 倒角 — chamfer
C 尖角 — sharp corner
10.斜度 — angle, taper
11. 凹槽—recess , groove
二. 分模信息 Splitting
1. 分型線 — parting line (P/L), splitting line
2. 主分模方向 — main direction, line of draw
3. 澆口設定 — gating
一. 產品標識 Part Identification
1. 產品名稱 — part name (P/N)
2. 產品編號+版本號 — part number + revision (Rev.)
3. 型腔號 — cavity number
4. 材料標記 — material symbol
5. 模具編號 — mold number (no.)
6. 日期印 — dating insert, date code
7. 循環印 — cycling code
8. 公司標志 — company logo
二. 技術要求 Specification (Special Requirement)
1. 項目啟動表 Kick-off sheet
1) 項目名稱 — program name, project name
2) 產品名稱 — part name, product name, part description
3) 產品編號 — part number (P/N)
4) 客戶模號 — customer mold no.
5) 項目啟動日期 — kick off date, start date
6) 項目完成日期 — due date, lead time
7) 內模件用鋼 — tool steel
8) 型腔數量 — number of cavities
9) 數據文件編號 — data file no.
10) 注塑材料 — resin, plastic, raw material
11) 收縮率 — shrink, shrinkage, shrink factor
12) 注塑機噸位 — molding machine size, injection machine size
13) 成型周期 — cycle time
14) 型腔光潔度 — cavity polish
15) 型芯光潔度 — core polish
16) 皮紋(曬紋)— texture, grain
17) 拔模斜度 — draft angle, removal taper
18) 注塑件顏色及光澤 — molded color & gloss
19) 模具加工地 — manufacturing facility
20) 熱流道供應商 — manifold manufacturer, manifold supplier
21) 澆口位置 — gate location / position
22) 澆口類型 — gate type
產品標識 — stamp information, part identification
特殊要求 — special instructions
1. 產品質量及外觀要求 Part Quality & Appearance Requirement
1) 尺寸及公差 Dimension & Tolerance
① 重要尺寸 — critical dimension, important dim., key dim.
② 理論尺寸 — nominal dimension
③ 實際尺寸 — actual dimension
④ 公差 — tolerance
⑤ 公差帶 — tolerance range
⑥ 尺寸超差 — dimension deviation
⑦ 接受(合格) — accept, OK
⑧ 拒絕(不合格) — reject, refuse, obsolete, NG
⑨ 讓步接受 — concession, special admit
⑩ 返工 — re-work
2) 產品缺陷(常見的)Defects (normal)
① 縮水 — sink mark, shrinkage
② 飛邊,毛邊 — flash, burr
③ 段差 — mismatch discrepancy
④ 銀絲紋,蛇紋 — snake marks, streak
⑤ 彎曲,變形 — warpage, distortion
⑥ 打不飽(缺料) — short shot
⑦ 熔接線 — weld line
⑧ 多膠— unwanted plastic
⑨ 拉傷—damage
2. 產品外觀 Part Appearance
① 產品顏色 — part color
② 產品光澤 — gloss
③ 皮紋粒度 — grain
3. 常用詞匯、詞組及短語 Normal Word, Short Sentence
1) 單邊 — per side
2) 雙邊 — both sides
3) 加入,添加 — add, incorporate
4) 去除,取消 — remove, cancel
5) 滿足…的要求,符合,與…要求一致 — according to, conform to, satisfy, meet
6) 要求,需要 — require, need, demand
7) 確認 — be approved, agreed by …
8) 允許 — permit, allow
9) 在…范圍之內 — within
10) 不可以,不允許,禁止 — free from, prevent, avoid
11) …,除非有另指 — … unless otherwise specified
12) …或少于 — …or less
13) 自動化運作 — automatic operation
14) 未注尺寸(詳細形狀)見三維造型
Non dimensioned contour (detailed shape) see 3D model.
15) 分型線上的飛邊(披縫)或段差應小于…
Burrs or discrepancy on the P/L shall be … or less.
標題欄 Title Block
1. 產品名稱 — part name
2. 圖紙編號 + 版本號(索引號)— drawing no. + level (index)
3. 一般公差 — general tolerance
(三) 如何閱讀制模標準?How to read tooling standard?
一.模具結構術語 Mold Construction Terms
A.模架 Mold Base
1. 模架量化特征 Measurement Feature
① 長 X 寬 X 高 — Length X Width X Height
② 模具高度尺寸(模厚) — stack height of mould
③ 模具重量 — total weight of mould, mould thickness
2. 定模底板 — front plate, top clamping plate, clamp plate, clamping plate
3. 定模板 — cavity plate, fixed mould plate, A – plate
4. 動模板 — core plate, moving mould plate, B – plate
5. 支撐板 — support plate, backing plate
6. 間隔板,方鐵 — support blocks, rails, risers, spacer block
7. 頂桿固定板 — retaining plate, ejector retaining plate
8. 頂板 — ejector plate,bottom clamping plate
9. 動模底板 — back plate
10.導柱 — guide pillar, leader pin, guide pin
11.導套 — guide bush, leader pin bush
12.復位桿 — return pin, push-back pin
13.彈簧 — spring
14.撐頭 — support pillar
15.頂針板導柱、導套 — ejection guide pin / bush
16.垃圾釘 — stop pin, stop button
17. 模腳 — standing-off pillars
18. 標牌 — plaque scutcheon
B.成型零部件 moulding components
1. 型芯 — core insert
2. 型腔 — cavity insert
3. 鑲針 — core pin
4. 鑲塊 — sub-insert, split
5. 滑塊 — slide, sliding split
6. 斜頂 — lifter, angled-lift split, loose core
A 斜頂頭 — lifter head
B 斜頂桿 — lifter rod, lifter shaft
7. 成型頂桿 — moulding face pin, form pin
C.澆注系統 Feed System
1.塑料 Moulding
a.主流道 — sprue
b.分流道 runner
① 主分流道 — main runner
② 二級分流道 — branch runner
分流道斷面形狀 cross-sectional shape of runner
① 圓形 — full round
② 半圓形 — semicircular
③ 梯形 — trapezoidal
c.澆口 gate
常用澆口形式 normal gate type :
① 邊緣澆口(J型澆口) — edge gate, J – gate
② 側澆口 — side gate
③ 潛伏式澆口 — sub-gate, subsurface gate, submarine gate, cashew gate
④ 潛伏式二次澆口(隧道式澆口) — tunnel gate onto feeder post
⑤ 點澆口 — pin gate
⑥ 直接澆口(主流道型澆口) — sprue gate, direct gate
⑦ 護耳式澆口 — tab gate
d.模腔 — impression
e. 冷料井 — cold slug well
f. 熱流道 — hot runner
2.模具零件 mold components
a.定位圈 — locating ring, location ring, register ring
b.澆口套 — sprue bush
c.擋圈 — stop ring
d.澆口鑲塊 — gate insert
e.熱流道板 — manifold
f. 熱嘴 — hot drop\hot sprue
分型面及其鎖緊、排氣 Parting Surface, inter-locking & venting
1. 分型線 — parting line ( P/L )
2. 鑲拼線 — bodyline, joint line
3. 平 / 不平的分型面 — flat / non – flat parting surface
4. 封膠面 — shut off surfaces, seal-off surfaces
5. 擦穿位 — shut off
6. 碰穿位 — kiss-off
7. 管位 — parting line lock
8. 分型面的釋放(避空) — relief of parting surface
9. 分型面的平衡 — balancing of parting surface
10.鎖緊角度 — locking angle
11.鎖緊力 — clamping force
12.鎖模塊 — safety strap
13.精定位 — Interlock, die lock
14.困氣 — air trap
15.排氣槽 — vent, vent slot
E.滑塊機構 Slide
1.驅動 Actuation
① 斜導柱 — angle pin, horn pin, cam pin
② 彈簧 — spring
③ 油缸 — hydraulic cylinder
2.制動 Detention
① 滑塊固定器 — slide retainer
② 彈簧制動器 — spring-loaded detention (plunger)
③ 擋釘、擋板 — stop pin, stop plate, slide stop
3.導軌 — gib, guide strip
4.鎖緊塊(楔緊塊)— heel block, locking heel, wedge block, chase block
5.耐磨片 — wear plate, wear strip
6.壓板 — retainer, gib
7.螺釘 — screw
8.定位銷 — dowel pin
F.斜頂機構 Lifter
1.斜頂頭 — lifter head
2.斜頂桿 — lifter rod, lifter shaft
3.開口銷 — split pin
4.固定板(壓板) — retainer plate
5.耐磨片 — wear plate
6.銅導套 — bronze bushing
7.襯套 — spacer
8.導軌 — L – gib
9.滑動塊 — slide
G.頂出系統 Ejection System
1.基本詞匯 Basic Word
① 頂出行程 — ejection stroke
② 模具開檔 — daylight
③ 粘模 — stick
④ 產品脫模 — part is push off from, clear part of mould, separation of part
2.頂板機構 Ejector plate assembly
① 頂板 — ejector plate
② 頂板固定板 — retaining plate
③ 推板— stripper plate
④ 推板導柱 — ejector guide pin
⑤ 推板導套 — ejector guide bush
⑥ 撐頭 — support pillar
3.復位機構 Return System
① 復位桿(回程桿)— return pin, push – back pin
② 垃圾釘 — stop pin, stop button
③ 壓簧 — compressed spring
④ 碟簧 — a stack of ―Belleville‖ washers
⑤ 早復位機構 — early return system
⑥ 強制復位機構 — positive return system
4.頂出方法 Ejection Techniques
1)頂桿頂出 — pin ejection
2)頂管頂出 — sleeve ejection
3)頂塊頂出 — bar ejection
4)扁頂頂出 — blade ejection
5)頂板頂出 — stripper ejection
6)油缸頂出 — hydraulic ejection
7)氣頂 — air ejection